• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL1021250A
    申请号:NL1021250
    申请日:2002-08-12
    公开日:2016-01-20
    发明作者:Kevin Kimber Paul
    申请人:Selex Es Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Title: Quadrant detector and method for detecting radiation with such a detector.
    The present invention relates to a quadrant detector.
    Quadrant detectors are used for many applications, but their usability may be limited by their operating wavelength which is dependent on the semiconductor material from which the detector elements are made. For example, detectors operating at a laser wavelength of 1.065 µm generally include silicon-based materials used near their long wavelength limitation. It is also known to "enlarge" the laser wavelength range of a silicon-based detector by heating the detector to about 70 °. This "thermally" reduces the band gap.
    It will be clear from the above discussion that silicon-based detectors cannot be used at an "eye-safe" laser wavelength of 1.5 µm as is now desired and that other detector materials will have to be used, for example SiGe,
    InGaAs and other group III / V materials.
    Furthermore, producing a detector that can operate simultaneously at two or more wavelengths, for example at 1.064 µm and 1.5 µm, requires the use of specialized materials and devices, such as sandwich structures, which are difficult and expensive to manufacture in quadrant geometries.
    The present invention therefore has for its object to provide a detector device which overcomes the above described problems
    According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting radiation from a scene using a quadrant detector, wherein a quadrant separation function and optical detection functions are separately provided.
    According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a quadrant detector comprising means for providing a quadrant separation function and means for providing an optical detection function, the means for providing the optical detection function being separated from the means for providing of the quadrant separation function.
    It will be appreciated that the term "quadrant separation function" refers to the separation of incoming radiation to provide four 7 output signals and that the term "optical detection function" refers to the process of receiving radiation on a detector and the subsequent one. conversion by the detector into an electrical signal.
    Preferably, the quadrant separation function is performed by a holographic optical element and the optical detection function by a number of detector elements, each detector element being associated with a quadrant formed by the holographic optical element.
    The holographic optical element is preferably suitable for several wavelengths. In that case, a set of detector elements is provided for each wavelength and each detector element is associated with a quadrant.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. Herein: figure 1 shows an embodiment of a holography-based quadrant detector according to the invention; and Figure 2 shows a second embodiment of a holography-based quadrant detector according to the invention, which is suitable for multiple wavelengths.
    According to the invention, a quadrant detector is provided in which the quadrant separation function is separated from the optical-to-electrical-detection function. This has been achieved by using a holographic optical element (HOE) that directs or "focuses" light on the HOE onto physically separate detectors. This is shown in Figure 1.
    Figure 1 shows a holographic optical element (HOE) 10 which, as shown, comprises quadrants 12, 14, 16 and 18. Each quadrant 12, 14, 16 and 18 is associated with a respective detector 22, 24, 26, 28. Each detector 22, 24, 26, 28 is a single wavelength detector and is separate from each of the other detectors. Each detector 22, 24, 26, 28 is connected to its own separate processor (not shown) which receives the signal from the associated detector and provides an output signal indicative of the signal generated by the associated quadrant 12, 14, 16, 18 HOW 10 received radiation.
    The output signals received from each of the detectors 22, 24, 26, 28 are processed using conventional processing techniques to provide information as to where an object is in a scene relative to quadrants 12, 14, 16, 18 A difference between the sums of the vertical quadrant pair 12, 14 and quadrant pair 16, 18 provides azimuth information regarding the object relative to the center of the element 10 and a difference between the sums of the horizontal quadrant pairs 12, 18 and 14, 16 provides elevation information regarding the object relative to the center of element 10.
    It will be appreciated that the HOE 10 provides a quadrant separation function that could be derived, for example, from a computer generator pattern.
    It will further be understood that by separating the quadrant separation function from the optical-to-electrical detection mechanism, i.e. the optical detection and subsequent conversion into an electrical signal, each detector and the associated processor can be optimized without other detectors to disadvantage.
    Although individual processors described above have been described, a single processor with four separate areas could of course also be used.
    The embodiment described with reference to Figure 1 operates at a single wavelength. However, the HOE can be made such that it operates at more than one wavelength. Such a HOW is shown in Figure 2.
    Figure 2 shows a HOW 30 that is similar to HOW 10 from Figure 1, but which is suitable for more wavelengths. HOW 30 has quadrants 32, 34, 36, 38 associated with each having a first detector 42, 44, 46, 48 operating at a first wavelength λχ and a second detector 52, 54, 56, 58 operating at a second wavelength λ2. As an example, λι can be 1,064 µm and λ2 can be 1,5 µm. As shown, the second detectors 52, 54, 56 and 58 are spatially separated from the first detectors 42, 44, 46 and 48. Again, each of the first and second detectors 42, 44, 46, 48, 52, 54, 56 and 58 are optimized without affecting any of the other detectors.
    The HOE 30 shown in Figure 2 has the advantage that images can be formed at two different wavelengths λγ and λ2. It will be understood that a HOE can be designed to operate at more than two wavelengths and that a set of detectors is then provided for each additional wavelength.
    Holographic optical elements can be made with large size and - at low cost - and are therefore not suitable alternatives to known quadrant detectors.
    Apart from the use in a quadrant detector, as described above, HOEs can also be used in other electro-optical systems. r
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    A method for detecting radiation from a scene using a quadrant detector, characterized in that a quadrant separation function and optical detection functions are separately provided.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a holographic optical element for the quadrant separation function and a number of detector elements for the optical detection function are provided, each detector element being associated with a quadrant formed by the holographic optical element.
    [3]
    Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the holographic optical element is suitable for several wavelengths.
    [4]
    Method according to claim 3, characterized by a set of detector elements for each wavelength.
    [5]
    A quadrant detector, characterized by means for providing a quadrant separation function and means for providing an optical detection function, the means for providing the optical detection function being separated from the means for providing the quadrant separation function.
    [6]
    A detector according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for providing the quadrant separation function comprises a holographic optical element.
    [7]
    Detector according to claim 6, characterized in that the means for providing the optical detection function comprises a number of detector elements, each detector element being associated with a quadrant formed by the holographic optical element.
    [8]
    Detector according to claim 6, characterized in that the holographic element is suitable for several wavelengths.
    [9]
    9. Detector according to claim 8, characterized in that the means for providing the optical detection function comprise a number of detector elements arranged in sets for each wavelength, each detector element being associated with a quadrant formed by the holographic optical element.
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    同族专利:
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    FR2877769A1|2006-05-12|
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    ES2262369A1|2006-11-16|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    US4181435A|1973-06-29|1980-01-01|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force|Holographic field lens detector|
    US4231533A|1975-07-09|1980-11-04|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force|Static self-contained laser seeker system for active missile guidance|
    US4092531A|1976-11-16|1978-05-30|Hughes Aircraft Company|Immersed reflector quadrant detector|
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    EP2618103A1|2012-01-17|2013-07-24|Hexagon Technology Center GmbH|Method, device and computer program for measuring an angle between two separated elements and its use|
    法律状态:
    2016-12-14| HC| Change of name(s) of proprietor(s)|Owner name: LEONARDO MW LTD; GB Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: CHANGE OF OWNER(S), CHANGE OF OWNER(S) NAME; FORMER OWNER NAME: SELEX ES LTD Effective date: 20161122 |
    2018-04-04| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20170901 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB0119603A|GB0119603D0|2001-08-13|2001-08-13|Improvements in or relating to detectors|
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